The Sharepoint 2010 interface

The user interface has been changed drastically like Menus has been changed and moved around. Some has been hides unless until you will keep mouse on it. It also has Ribbon and AJAX dialogs and notifications. The Ribbon is the new combined menu and toolbar and is based on user's context. It has no of tabs and these are contextual and appears when needed. SharePoint interface uses AJAX based dialog framework to avoid postbacks and make the web interface faster and more accessible. Like You will able to see a pop up while you will edit a list rather take you to another page. Also it gives a status bar for notifications below the ribbon.

It also provides a silverlight web part which allows add a silverlight application to your site.
XsltListView Web part in also new in sharepoint 2010.

Some of the outbox web parts in sharepoint 2010:

Filter web parts: Text fileter, Current user filter, data filter, Querystring filter, Page field filter
Also have media web part, Navigation web part like Sites in category, Categories, Tag cloud, Summery links, Table of contents (contanets site map). People web parts like Contact details, Organization browser, Note board. Also comes with My Information web part like My mail folder, My calendar, My contacts, My Inbox, My Task etc.

One of the measure component comes with SharePoint 2010 is the Visual WebPart. Visual web part is a web part that uses a user control to build the user interface.